Even though the phrase "biotechnology" is relatively new, people have been using it for thousands of years. It describes the science of using biological systems and living things to make useful things. Biotechnology, as its name implies, is primarily technology that is based on biology. An old example of biotechnology is the use of yeast in baking and beer brewing. Biotechnology now incorporates aspects of the natural and engineering sciences. In order to identify the distinctive qualities of living things, cells, and their constituent parts, advanced procedures are used. These "raw materials" are subsequently grown in laboratories and used to create a wide range of beneficial goods, such as vaccines, cancer treatments, herbicides, and biocontrol products. The use of cell lines is crucial in biotechnology. The phrase refers to a collection of plant or animal cells that have been cultured in a lab in order to maintain their distinct phenotypes and functions. Clonal refers to the property of all cells in a collection of lab-grown cell lines to have a common ancestor. Typically, the primary culture of this parent cell is taken directly from plant or animal matter. Since cell lines are clonal, it is simple to repeatedly multiply cells-often forever. Cell lines can be effective disease models, but they can also be utilised to research broader physiological and pathological processes. When primary cultures are not accessible, they can also be employed to create disease-related cell models. The development of cell models to simulate diseases in vitro using recent genome editing technologies has shown great promise. The study of cell lines is a specialized area of work known as bioprocessing.