Chemists are taking several approaches to the problem of eliminating ocean plastics. Redesigning plastics to produce more sustainable materials is one of them. Solutions include creating plastics that break down in the presence of UV light or incorporating functional groups and heteroatoms into polymer structures to create more easily hydrolyzable and recyclable polymers. In today's technologically advanced civilization, synthetic polymers are used in a wide range of items, including electronics, consumer goods, packaging, building materials, and transportation. These materials are inexpensive, lightweight, strong, resistant to chemicals, and durable. Globally, less than 20% of all spent polymer materials are recycled on average, with less than 10% doing so in the US and about 30% doing so in the EU. Mechanical grinding is the main industrial recycling procedure. PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) and HDPE (High-Density Polyethylene) are the most common plastics due to their extensive use, which makes it easier to collect and classify them at recycling facilities. More than half of all waste polymer materials are disposed of in landfills or released into the environment; approximately 25% of plastic trash is burned for energy recovery, which results in the production of greenhouse gases.